Internal-combustion engine.



No. 823,286. PATENTED JUNE 12, 1906. v

L. MERTENS. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 21, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

N 0 RM Q No. 823 286. PATBNTED JUNE 12, 1906.

. L. MERTENS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 21, 1904. 2 SHEETS SHEET UNITED STATES PeEiflNi ABBE ENGlNEE INS COMPAN OF NEW YORK, N.

POHATION CiF' NEW? YORK.

INTERNAL CQiBBUSTlQN ENGEINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 1966.

v Application filed April 21, 1904. Serial No, %,161'.

T0 0.7] 3077mm if m/l/g concern:

Be it known that I, LUDWIG MERTENs, citizen of the Empire of Gernmny, residing in Charlottonliurg, in the Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful lmprovoments in internsl-Combustion Engines, of which the following is e specification.

This invention relates to improvements in two-cycle internaheomhustion engines having' one or more doubleeeting combustioneylind'ers supplied with an explosive gas-enditli mixture from on independent foed pump 3 and among the obj eets of the invention is the d: z eed alternately it the ends of each eylind With these ends in view the invention. consists in the novel features and combinations of parts, which will be fully described horeinalter and final y pointed out in the claims.

in the accompanying drawings, Figure l a vertical lon itudinsl 'sectiouoi my improved two-cycle internal-combustion engine, taken on. line E F, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is plan view of Fig. i, eportion being shown in horizontal section. Fig. 3 is a vertical longituilimil section of e. two-oyole intermiheombustier: il'iglllfi with two double-acting eylindors, taken on line G ll. Fig. 4-; and Fig. 4 is ii plan view of Fig. 3 with ports shown in horizontal section.

Similar numerals of reference iiidieste oorresponding ports.

Referring to the drawings, 54- reprosents e doulwleetoting oomlmstioiFeylinder which is provided with at number ol outlet's 75 at its ll. idle portion. 5.3 at siiiglehoting l e-ed pump whi h is connected with the ends of the ilbllll ll8tlfili-flYlllHlUl 33 i. Both t is cylinder and the loihnumii mounteli on a lmsonleto of any u. -lmoivii eonstruc- )lSiLiiv. 54' connected with cyliiiders 78 and '7 the crank-pin ofthe crank-shaft 58 by means of the piston-rod end the connecting-rod 60. In a. similar manner the pump-piston 61 is connected with the crenlvpin of the pumpcrenk-shett 62 by means of piston-rod 63, cross-heed 6e, and connecting-rod 65. The connecting-rod is extei'ided beyond the orenlepin of the crank-shaft 62 and provided with e counterweight 66. The crosshc-iid 64 is preferably formed as a buffer-piston working in edasltpot 67, having outlets near its middle portion. For lower speeds of the motor the dosh-pet is dispensed with and the piston 64 termed es an ordinary cross heed moving in suitable guidewey's The motor crook-shaft 58 is connected. with the pump crank-shaft 62 by means of two e ei r- Wheels 68 end 69, the ratio of vhieh is two to one so as to enable the i'eed pump to force a full charge of explosive mixture it see stroke of its piston alternately ii to each end of the cylinder 54-. for every rotation. of the cranksnacit 553.

(his is conducted through a tube 70 and the opened spring-pressed gas-inlet valve 71 to the pump-cylinder, While fresh air is admitted through asuiteble spring-pressed airinlet valve. (Not shown.) The piston 61 then forces the explosive mixture through the'bent tube 72, the branch tubes '73, and one oi the opened spring-pressed. admissionve-lvos '74 alternately into one or the other end of the cylinder The explosive 1niX- ture is again compressed in the end of the combustion-qrlinder during the remaining portion of the stroke of the power-piston 57 and ignited to. drive the letter in the opposite direction, whereupon the burned escape through the uncovered outlets 75, the a nular channel '1" 6, and the outlet 7 7 The n v a V W .u sprigs of the various inst-voles sue pie e vy to render the letter automatioiu L'iEGlI action.

The horizontal GOIOiil-USiLlUi'r-Qilgliifi shown in and i only differs rom. the motor shown in Figs. end 2 in t respect, that it comprises two doubleg combustioneylinders end one douhl.

eating feed-pump. The construction oi we combustionparts connect 8O of th the es i; :1 two pump disposed above the twocylinders' 7S- and 79 and the piston of the same driven from the motor crank-shaft 82 by means of two gea1 wheels-83 84, a pump crank-shaft 85, a crank-disk 86, having a crank-pin 87, a connectin -rod 88, and the piston-rod 89. The cross nead (not shown) is again assumed to be a piston reciprocating in the dash-pot 90, which is cast in one piece with-the 'head 91 of the pump-cylinder 92. The two covers 91 93 of the latter are each provided with a spring-pressed air-inlet valve and a springpressed as-inlet valve similar to those of the previous ly-described motor. These valves are not shown, as/their construction .is not material, and may be of any known kind. On the right side of the pump-cylinder 92 the piston sucks in during one stroke air and gas through the respective valves and first partly compresses the mixture and forces it then during the next stroke through the outlet 95,

the bent tube 96, the branch tubes97, and

either of the respective admission-valves into one or the other end of the combustion-cylinder 79. On the left side of the pump-cylinder 92 the air and the gas are in a similar manner sucked in by the piston 94 during one stroke, the mixture being partly compressed. and then forced during the next stroke through the outlet '98, the bent tube 99, the branch tubes 109, and either of the respective admission-valves 101. into the cylinder alternately into one or the other end of the same. In both explosioncylindersi7 8 and 79 the explosive mixture admitted is again compressed during the remaining part or the piston-stroke and finally ignited, whereupon the explosion throws the piston back, and at the end of the next stroke the burned gases escape through the outlets 102, the annular channel 103, and the outlet 104 into the atmosphere. The ratio of the two gear-wheels 8'3 and 84- two to one, so that the pump crankshaft 85 makes two rotations for every rotation of the motor crank-shaft 82. This ratio is necessary, so that the feedpump is enabled toforce a 'full charge of ex-- plosive mixture during one combustion-cylinder on'either side and during the other strox'einto the other comone stroke into the bustion-cylinder on the alternating side.

In some cases the number of the combustion-cylinders of the motor may be increased. For example, the motor may have three double-acting explosion-cylinders, in which case the three cranks of the motor crankbhstion-eylinder, a power-piston reciprocating in said cylinder, at feed-pun] p, a piston in said feed-pump, means operatively connecting the power-piston and pump-piston for imparting to, the latter-a number of strokes which is a multiple of the number made by said power-piston, and means for col'iducting the explosive charge from said feedpump alternately to the opposite ends of said combustioncylinder. I

2. In a two-cycle internal-combustion en- I gine, the combination of: a double-acting combustlon-cylmder, a power-piston rec1procating in said cylinder, a feed-pump, a piston in said feed-pump, means operatrvely connecting the power-piston and the punipiiiston for imparting to the latter double the number of strokes made by the power-piston, and means for conducting the explosive charge from said feed-pump alternately to the opposite ends of said combustion-cylinder.

3. Ina two-cycle internal-combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of double acting. combustion cylinders, a power piston reciprocating in each of the same, a feed-pump, a piston reciprocating in the feed-pum cylinder, means operativcly connecting tlie power-pistons and the pumppistonforimparting to the latter a numberof strokes which is amultiple ofthe'number ma'deby'said poweristons, means for supplying'an ex losive c arge alternately to the opposite en s of said'feed-pump, and means for conducting the explosive charge alternately from each end of said feed-pump alternately to the opposite ends of said com-bustio'n-cylinders.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I 'have signed my name in presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

LUDVVIG MERTEN Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR- HAUPT, HENRY 'HAsrnR. 

